The purpose of neutral density filters is to decrease the amount of light that enters the camera. These filters have different density of filtration (1, 2, 3 stops). When you are looking to buy one, you will ask for either 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 or 2x, 4x, 8x. The technical process that happens when a neural [...]

Center-Spot filters are a type of special effects filters; they are variations of Diffusion Filters. The center of a center spot filter is usually a hole (It can also be a flat and clear glass). The hole can be round or oval. The surrounding of the hole is a diffuse glass, sometimes colored. As a [...]

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Yes, I’m serious, this it’s not a joke. You can build filters for your camera (either digital or film).
And yes, it’s incredible easy.
• homemade infrared filter: a piece of developed unexposed slide film OR a floppy disk !
• homemade blue filter: a piece of exposed developed slide film with methyl blue
• homemade yellow filter: a piece [...]

An infrared filter is a filter to remove visible light and only pass infrared light in different wavelengths.
Here are some types of IR filter to choose from:
• The Kodak Wratten 87, 87A, 87B, 87C (87 starting at 750nm, 87C at 800nm, 87B at 850nm, 87A at 950nm)
• The Hoya R72 (High quality filter starting at 720nm, [...]

UV radiation is invisible to human sight, but in photography it turns out to be disturbing for the image quality. An UV filter is transparent to visible light, and so can be left on the lens for nearly all shots. The UV filter absorbs ultraviolet rays without changing the exposure. With most images, most people [...]

The use: A polarising filter is used to remove reflections from a shiny surface and make blue skies darker.
Types: Linear and circular polarizer. Circular is recommended.
Manufacturers: Hoya, B&W and Cokin, using different depths of filter mount.
Recommendations: not to use with wide-angle lenses and UV Filters.
A polarising filter only allows light to enter the lens in [...]